PICOT nursing question.
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PICOT nursing question.
A PICOT is a research question that uses a specific format to determine the answer to a clinical question. The design is as follows: PICOT question format – P (population/patient/problem), I (intervention), C (comparison), O (outcome), and T (time frame). Over time, PICO (T) has been employed to support caregivers in the healthcare system. In the short essay, I will create a clinical guiding question relevant to the nursing world. In this case, my identified PICOT question is, in adult patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (P), does the addition of metformin to lifestyle intervention (I) compared to lifestyle intervention alone (C) result in better glycemic control as measured by A1c levels (O) over 12 months (T)?
| Question Component | Suggested Answer |
| Patient | Patients with type 2 diabetes |
| Intervention | Addition of metformin |
| Comparison | Change in lifestyle |
| Outcomes | Better glycemic control |
| Time | Twelve months. |
Articles
Literature Evaluation Table
PICOT Question: in adult patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (P), does the addition of metformin to lifestyle intervention (I) compared to lifestyle intervention alone (C) result in better glycemic control as measured by A1c levels (O) over 12 months (T)?
| Criteria | Article 1 | Article 2 | Article 3 |
| APA-formatted article citation with permalink | Sanchez-Rangel, E., & Inzucchi, S. E. (2017). Metformin: clinical use in type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia, 60(9), 1586-1593. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00125-017-4336-x | Reed, J., Bain, S., & Kanamarlapudi, V. (2021). A review of current trends with type 2 diabetes epidemiology, aetiology, pathogenesis, treatments and future perspectives. Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity: targets and therapy, 14, 3567. https://www.dovepress.com/a-review-of-current-trends-with-type-2-diabetes-epidemiology-aetiology-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DMSO | Lee, C. G., Heckman-Stoddard, B., Dabelea, D., Gadde, K. M., Ehrmann, D., Ford, L., … & Temprosa, M. (2021). Effect of metformin and lifestyle interventions on mortality in the Diabetes Prevention Program and Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study. Diabetes care, 44(12), 2775-2782. https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article/44/12/2775/138471/Effect-of-Metformin-and-Lifestyle-Interventions-on |
| How does the article relate to the PICOT question? | The article compares the use of change in lifestyle and the adoption of metformin to cure type 2 diabetes. | The article compares our lifestyle to the increased chances of type 2 diabetes. | Yes, it provides the effects of metformin and lifestyle change on the increased chances of death for individuals with diabetes. |
| Is the article qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods? Justify your selection. | Qualitative as it supports the use of medicine to curb the chances of type 2 diabetes. | Quantitative as the article suggests that with increased intake of HGMO products, the chances of type 2 diabetes will continue to increase | Qualitative. It provides a way to handle those individuals who have diabetes without using the two interventions. |
| Purpose statement | Metformin: Clinical use in type 2 diabetes. | Our current lifestyle to the increased type2 diabetes | Determine other alternatives to handling individuals who have diabetes. |
| Research question(s) | Is metformin a proper way to curb type 2 diabetes? | How does our increased improper lifestyle affect and improve type 2 diabetes? | Effect of metformin and lifestyle interventions on mortality in the Diabetes Prevention Program and Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes? |
| Outcome(s) | Metformin does aid as an intervention in the ways to curb diabetes | Yes, our current lifestyle hurts, increasing diabetes. | The two interventions have resulted in increased deaths among diabetic individuals. |
| Setting (Where did the study take place?) | USA | USA | USA general population |
| Sample | The global population | The united states population. | A population of 40-60-year-olds |
| Method | Sampling | Sampling | Sampling |
| Key findings of the study and implications for nursing practice | Yes, metformin has a positive effect on treating diabetic patients | The current population has the high chance of diabetes in the human history | High mortality rates have been noticed among individuals using metformin as an intervention. |
| Recommendations of the researcher | However, the metformin should be used in lower dosages | We need to change our lifestyle to enable the fight against the disease. | It is necessary to adopt other ways to curb the condition of patients. |
| Criteria | Article 4 | Article 5 | Article 6 |
| APA-formatted article citation with permalink | Baker, C., Retzik-Stahr, C., Singh, V., Plomondon, R., Anderson, V., & Rasouli, N. (2021). Should metformin remain the first-line therapy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes? Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism, 12, 2042018820980225. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2042018820980225 | Goyal, R., & Jialal, I. (2018). Diabetes mellitus type 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513253/ | Moin, T., Schmittdiel, J. A., Flory, J. H., Yeh, J., Karter, A. J., Kruge, L. E., … & Walker, E. A. (2018). Review of metformin use for type 2 diabetes prevention. American journal of preventive medicine, 55(4), 565-574. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6243218/ |
| How does the article relate to the PICOT question? | The article explains the need to use metformin as the first alternative to curbing type two diabetes. | We understand that diabetes is a lifestyle disease, and the article tries to elaborate on this. | The article tries to support the use of metformin as an alternative to the curbing f of the condition. |
| Is the article qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods? Justify your selection. | Qualitative as it uses numeric figures in determining how metformin is the best alternative. | Quantitative as it uses the number of intakes of GMOs to determine the effects of the condition on our health | Quantitative as it generalizes the importance of metformin. |
| Purpose statement | To determine the first-line therapy for the treatment of diabetes. | To understand the connection between diabetes and our poor eating habits | To understand the importance of metformin to prevent diabetes from worsening. |
| Research question(s) | Should metformin remain the first-line therapy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes? | How is diabetes mellitus type 2. a lifestyle disease | Is metformin use ideal for type 2 diabetes prevention? |
| Outcome(s) | Yes, there is a need for metformin to be adopted as the first-line therapy for diabetes. | It is a lifestyle disease as it was brought about by the increased intake of genetically modified foods | Yes, it is an ideal way to curb the condition from worsenigening |
| ting (Where did the study take place?) | USA | USA | USA |
| Sample | Simple | simple | simple |
| Method | Simple | Simple | Simple |
| Key findings of the study and implications for nursing practice | Metformin should remain the first option of therapy for patients | Diabetes is truly a lifestyle disease. | Metformin is an old way of curbing the condition; however, it is effective. |
| Recommendations of the researcher | Metformin should be used in small dosages | People must adopt a proper way of living. | Adopt the use of metformin to change our lifestyle. |
References.
Baker, C., Retzik-Stahr, C., Singh, V., Plomondon, R., Anderson, V., & Rasouli, N. (2021). Should metformin remain the first-line therapy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes? Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism, 12, 2042018820980225.
Goyal, R., & Jialal, I. (2018). Diabetes mellitus type 2.
Lee, C. G., Heckman-Stoddard, B., Dabelea, D., Gadde, K. M., Ehrmann, D., Ford, L., … & Temprosa, M. (2021). Effect of metformin and lifestyle interventions on mortality in the Diabetes Prevention Program and Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study. Diabetes care, 44(12), 2775-2782.
Moin, T., Schmittdiel, J. A., Flory, J. H., Yeh, J., Karter, A. J., Kruge, L. E., … & Walker, E. A. (2018). Review of metformin use for type 2 diabetes prevention. American journal of preventive medicine, 55(4), 565-574.
Reed, J., Bain, S., & Kanamarlapudi, V. (2021). A review of current trends with type 2 diabetes epidemiology, aetiology, pathogenesis, treatments and future perspectives. Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity: targets and therapy, 14, 3567.
Sanchez-Rangel, E., & Inzucchi, S. E. (2017). Metformin: clinical use in type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia, 60(9), 1586-1593.